Force & Motion: Newton's First Law
Determine the conditions that are needed for an object to maintain its state of motion, whether it is at rest or accelerating due to a constant force.
Students compare velocity profiles of carts under the influence of different forces as a foundation for interpreting more complex graphs of motion in later explorations.
Lab Summary
Students will use a Motion Sensor to experience the phenomenon of inertia. They will investigate four scenarios
- Motion of a cart that is at rest and does not experience a net force
- Motion of a cart that is at rest and experiences a net force for a short time interval
- Motion of a cart that is moving and has very little friction
- Motion of a cart that is initially at rest but experiences a constant net force
Theory
Graphical representations of carts in each of the four scenarios will experience distinctly different motion which will be reflected in their respective graphs.
Downloads
- Computer–based lab (PDF, 764 KB) (761 KB, .pdf)
(student versions)
- Xplorer GLX-based lab (PDF, 544 KB) (542 KB, .pdf)
(student versions)
Method
Use the Motion Sensor to measure the motion of a cart as it experiences different applied forces. Analyze the graph of position and velocity of the cart.
Here's What You Need
U.S. Educator prices shown.
Required for computer-based lab: (See lab download for Xplorer GLX-based lab requirements, which may differ)
Probeware
PASPORT Motion Sensor (PS-2103A) - $80
Accurately measures position, velocity, and acceleration of a target. For use with PASPORT Interfaces.
Xplorer GLX (PS-2002) - $349
The Xplorer GLX is a data collection, graphing, and analysis tool designed for science students and educators.
Other Products
1.2 m PAScar Dynamics System (ME-6955) - $259
Equip your lab with carts and a high-quality 1.2 m aluminum track.
Fan Accessory (ME-9491) - $59
Provides carts self propulsion capability and includes a safety guard to protect student's fingers.
Friction Block -- IDS (ME-9807) - $21
Replacement friction block for the Introductory Dynamics Systems (ME-9429A, ME-9452).
Other Materials
- AA Cell Battery (2)
Lab Manual
The computer-based activity is included in Explorations in Physics (PS-2810). The Xplorer GLX-based lab is included in Physics with the Xplorer GLX (PS-2826). Both manuals are complete with Teacher Information pages, student instructions and handouts, and sample data.
For your convenience, we offer bundles which provide the probeware for the activities in the manual. For more, please see:
Computer-based Physics Lab Manual and Bundles
Xplorer GLX-based Physics Lab Manual and Bundles
